Japanese encephalitis is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus by the mosquito borne infectious disease insect. The source of encephalitis B infection is infected people or animals, in which pigs and horses are important sources of infection. The disease is transmitted by mosquito bites. 7-9 months a year is the epidemic period of JE in our county. Do mosquito control work will play an important role in the prevention and control of epidemic encephalitis B.

　　I. the harm and living habits of mosquitoes

　　The mosquito's harm to humans is harassment and blood sucking. It can spread infectious diseases such as Japanese encephalitis, malaria and dengue fever while sucking blood.

　　1. the seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes

　　Mosquito density is closely related to seasonal climate, and the main factors affecting the seasonal variation of mosquito are temperature, rainfall and water body. The mosquito density peak in our county is 7-9 months each year.

　　2. the ecological characteristics of mosquitoes

　　Mosquitoes are complete metamorphosis insects, which have undergone four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult mosquito. The first three stages must be completed in aquatic environment. It takes about 7-10 days to complete a life cycle, and the range of activities is generally limited to the breeding grounds.

　　3. breeding grounds for mosquitoes

　　Mosquitoes can breed in any container where there is water and where there is water. There are mainly ditches, canals, ponds, paddy fields, sewage pits, drains, wells, tanks, pots, cans, waste tires, tree holes, etc..

　　Two, scope of control, mosquito control area

　　Areas of intensive human life, work, and possible mosquito borne diseases. Key areas for mosquito control agencies, residential areas, garbage dumps, parks, construction sites, rural areas, horse sty and other places, as well as outdoor water, rivers, canals, sewer, pool, pond water etc..

　　Three, principle of prevention and control

　　Starting from the concept of the whole mosquito and the environment and social economic conditions, according to the symptoms and to cure the main, as well as effective, economic, convenient, safe and environmentally harmless principle, adopt comprehensive environmental control, chemical control, biological control or other effective means to control mosquito density in no harm level.

　　Four, prevention and control measures

　　(I) indoor and public places

　　Indoor and public places promote physical mosquito control measures, supplemented by chemical control.

　　1, artificial capture. Mobilize the masses, everyone hands, often catch. In anti mosquito device housing, fly into the indoor mosquito less, as long as we persist in playing catch at any time consumed, generally do not have to use pesticides. Playing catch tool to use local materials, such as mosquito, mosquito etc..

　　2, hotel, hotel rooms, mosquito: install mosquito lamp, mosquito repellent incense, ignite electric mosquito repellent mosquito tablets.

　　3, repellent: outdoor activities, should be in the face, neck, hands and other exposed parts applying repellent mosquito repellent toilet water etc..

　　4, the nets in JE epidemic season, advocate the use of mosquito nets in the evening rest, it can effectively reduce mosquito bites on people the chance of night.

　　5, Sato Sa: when conditions should be installed screened.

　　6, personal protection. In the evening to go out to try to wear long pants, reducing the chance of mosquito bites.

　　7, use mosquito lamp to eliminate mosquitoes.

　　(two) outdoor environment

　　Outdoor environment advocates eliminating mosquito breeding environment, carrying out patriotic health campaign, focusing on cleaning up garbage near the residential area and filling puddles, etc., and do not recommend large-scale spraying of pesticides.

　　1, carry out comprehensive environmental governance. To carry out the Patriotic Health Campaign vigorously in the JE epidemic period, widely carried out to eliminate mosquito breeding sites, comprehensive remediation of environmental health as the focus of the masses of Patriotic Health Campaign to take anti mosquito measures, reduce mosquito density. Cutting off the route of transmission is an important way to prevent the outbreak and spread of encephalitis B epidemic. The comprehensive treatment of the environment should be based on the residential areas, villages and residential areas.

　　2. Treatment of sewage ponds.

　　The treatment of sewage ponds can be carried out by mobilizing the masses to take the following "five words" measures:

　　(1) filling out the sewage pits, ditches, ponds and depressions which are not used in a planned way.

　　(2) sparse: sewage pits and ditches that have to be retained or cannot be filled at a time should be planned to be dredged.

　　(3): to cover the wellhead, sewer sewage tank, infiltration wells should be stamped or set up a mosquito isolation ", so that mosquitoes cannot enter breeding.

　　(4): the patriotic public health campaign carried out rectification of environmental sanitation, repair roads, dredging ditches, weed out, fill potholes, change to ditch ditch.

　　(5) flushing: the irrigation canal can be installed with gate, and the water will be washed away periodically.

　　3, the treatment of small water

　　(1) turn over the tank and put down the pot: start the masses and do all the work. All the utensils which need not be used for storing rainwater must be completely removed or upside down. The cylinders, casks, jars and cans that are still in use must be sealed to prevent adult mosquitoes from flying into the spawn. Pay special attention to the old houses, pigsty, stables, and old vessels around the factory. Do not let the water accumulate.

　　(2) block tree holes, caves and fill depressions in these places; easy to water, and easy to be ignored. Soil, brick, lime, etc should be blocked.

　　(3) buckets, tanks and wells must be stamped or replaced in summer and autumn. The bottom of the tank must be scrubbed when changing water so as not to leave mosquitoes, eggs, or larvae. Or add oil or a slow release dosage form to the water.

　　4, large hydrostatic treatment

　　This kind of breeding ground is wide and the area is large, and the following measures can be taken: mainly removing weeds on the shore, dredging ditches and raising fish.

　　(three) chemical control

　　1, difficult to eliminate the water can be used insecticide, dichlorvos or dichlorvos spray kill mosquito larvae (specific methods of use, reference manual).

　　2, indoor use of pyrethroid drugs: using pyrethroid insecticides (kothrin decis 2.5%) diluted 1:100. 10%, all the suspension agent 1:150 diluted with water. Pyrethroid insecticides are highly toxic to poultry and aquatic animals. Attention should be paid to the use of pyrethroid insecticides.

　　3, use: with the method of spraying the insecticide spray evenly on the mosquito stop and retention with the sprayer, key processing area of pen, horse, cow and other livestock stables and the surrounding environment.

　　4, personal protection:

　　(1) do not eat or smoke when applying pesticide;

　　(2) after applying the pesticide, the pesticide users should wash thoroughly;

　　(3) if the liquid is splashed on the skin, wash it with cold water and soap immediately;

　　(4) if swallowed, immediately ask the doctor to be symptomatic treatment;

　　(5) pyrethroid drugs on aquatic animal toxic, to avoid pollution rivers, waterways and ponds;

　　(6) if the liquid level is higher than the shoulder, or contact the high concentration liquid medicine, should bring the respirator, the rubber glove, the long sleeve coat;

　　(7) read the instructions outside the bottle before use.